unknown circa 1790 <p>Creamware ship bowl decorated on the interior with the black transfer of a vessel (Baltic trader) under sail, the hull painted yellow. Inscribed below the ship is: 'DE TRE SODSKENDE' (three siblings). It has no ensign, only a long swallow-tailed pennant. The sea is painted green with naval trophies below. There are six similar groups of trophies inside the rim. On the outside of the bowl are four black transfers: 'JEMMY'S RETURN', a drinking scene, 'JEMMY'S FAREWELL', and a ploughing scene. The source print for 'Jemmy's farewell' was published by Robert Sayer, 20 June 1786, and the source for 'Jemmy's return' was published by Robert Sayer and J. Bennett, 16 December 1784, illustrating the poem 'Auld Robin Grey'.</p> AAA4436 National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London Ceramics Bowl (AAA4436) http://www.nmm.ac.uk/collections/images/200/E/58/E5865-1.jpg Liverpool, Merseyside, England earthenware Josiah Wedgwood and Sons Ltd. Green, Guy, born 1729 - died 1803 (printer) ca. 1779 Object Type The bowl was made for mixing hot punch, for which creamware, being hygenic and heat-resistant, was very suitable. It was probably given as a present at a wedding. Punch was first made in Western Europe during the 17th century, and it became the favourite drink for parties and assemblies in the following one. Its name, deriving from the Persian or Hindu word for 'five', refers to its five ingredients: spirits (originally Arrack from Goa or Batavia), sugar, lemon or lime, nutmeg and other spices, and water. New recipes including sweet Malaga wine, rum and brandy were introduced in the 18th century, when variants, such as those combining gin or brandy with hot water and sugar, were also drunk. Trading Export markets were always important for the Staffordshire potter Josiah Wedgwood (1730-1795), and by the 1780s they accounted for about 80 per cent of his production. He appointed a Dutch agent as early as 1763, and The Netherlands became one of his strongest overseas markets. Exports included large quantities of creamware. These were sometimes printed with designs that had passed out of fashion in Britain, as with the Rococo decoration on this bowl. Wedgwood also made portrait medallions and library busts of Dutch statesman specifically for the Dutch market. C.391-1923 Given by Sidney Hand Height 11.43 cm Width 26.67 cm Punch bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AM3368.jpg Stoke-on-Trent (city), England Liverpool, England (printing) Creamware (Queen's Ware), with transfer-printed decoration and enamelled inscription Unknown ca. 1750-1760 C.58-1977 Bequeathed by Miss D. B. Simpson, Slindon, Sussex Height 13 cm Diameter 31.5 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9997.jpg Liverpool, England (probably) Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown 1738 C.800-1936 Given by Col. Thomas Sutton, London Height 7.7 cm Diameter 24.2 cm Barber's bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9872.jpg Bristol (city), England (possibly) Liverpool, England (possibly) Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown ca. 1725-1735 C.122-1972 Bequeathed by Mrs B. E. Nichols, Bristol Height 11.3 cm Diameter 22.9 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AW0058.jpg Bristol (city), England (possibly) Liverpool, England (possibly) Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown ca. 1760-1770 CIRC.15-1941 Given by Mr H. A. Kennedy Height 8.2 cm Diameter 18.2 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9948.jpg Liverpool, England Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown 1758 C.105-1965 Bequeathed by Prof. F. H. Garner Height 10 cm Diameter 23.5 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9993.jpg Liverpool, England (probably) Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown ca. 1760 C.120&A-1965 Given by Miss Joan Kirkaldy, London (Tea bowl) Height 4.3 cm (Tea bowl) Length 7.4 cm (Tea bowl) Diameter 11.7 cm Tea bowl and saucer http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9639.jpg Liverpool, England (possibly) Bristol (city), England (possibly) Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown ca. 1745-1750 3850-1901 Transferred from the Museum of Practical Geology Height 11.2 cm Diameter 26.3 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AW0016.jpg Liverpool, England (possibly) London, England (possibly) Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown ca. 1760 C.1898-1921 Given by Brig. Gen. Gilbert Mellor CB, CMG, KC, through The Art Fund Height 12.4 cm Diameter 29.5 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9952.jpg Liverpool, England Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown ca. 1760-1765 CIRC.414-1950 Height 11.1 cm Diameter 27 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9956.jpg Liverpool, England Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Jackson, William (possibly painters (artists)) ca. 1765-1770 3615-1901 Transferred from the Museum of Practical Geology Height 22.4 cm Diameter 52.2 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9919.jpg Liverpool, England Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown ca. 1740-1750 CIRC.82-1951 Height 11.1 cm Diameter 22.7 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AW0588.jpg London, England (probably) Liverpool, England (possibly) Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Unknown ca. 1760 414:822-1885 Given by Lady Charlotte Schreiber Height 14.4 cm Diameter 36.6 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9977.jpg Liverpool, England Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Jackson, William (possibly painters (artists)) 1766 3621-1901 Transferred from the Museum of Practical Geology Height 9.4 cm Diameter 24 cm Bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AV9926.jpg Liverpool, England Tin-glazed earthenware, painted Herculaneum Factory ca. 1800 Object Type A suitable ceramic bowl was soon devised for the consumption at many social levels of the new hot drink known as punch, which had first appeared in England around 1680. At first delftware (tin-glazed earthenware) was used, later white or brown stoneware, and finally creamware and Pearlware (types of light-coloured pottery). Heavy cut glass was occasionally used, despite its unsuitability for hot drinks and use by rowdy revellers. But the ideal material for punch bowls was Chinese porcelain, and many such bowls were regularly being imported by the end of the 17th century. This huge creamware bowl is one of the largest earthenware examples to survive. Though unmarked, it may reasonably be attributed to the Herculaneum factory at Liverpool, which made large punch bowls in both crearmware and stoneware. Time By the late 18th century the old warring Whig and Tory political clubs, together with the semi-secret Jacobite clubs (for supporters of the exiled Stuart pretenders to the throne), had dwindled away. There were, however, still many gentlemen's drinking clubs that catered for various tastes, professions and social classes. As this splendidly decorated bowl testifies, some still remain secret. Apart from the enigma of the patriotic English and Latin inscriptions, a further puzzle is that Lady Charlotte Schreiber (1813-1895) acquired the bowl in Sweden. Perhaps it served some group of gentlemen involved in the Baltic sea trade, but if so, what is the significance of the cat? 310:15-1889 Given by Charles Schreiber, Esq., MP, and Lady Charlotte Elizabeth Schreiber Height 15.6 cm Diameter 35.5 cm Punch bowl http://images.vam.ac.uk/indexplus/db_images/website/medium/2006AM1591.jpg Liverpool, England Earthenware, with painted and transfer-printed decoration